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Chapter Two - The Legacy of Erving Goffman’s Work: Cash or Primogeniture?
- Edited by Michael Hviid Jacobsen, Aalborg University, Denmark
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- Book:
- The Anthem Companion to Erving Goffman
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- Anthem Press
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- 17 October 2023
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- 10 January 2023, pp 39-54
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Summary
Introduction
If sociologists suggest that Erving Goffman’s legacy is secure, they probably mean that there is a discipline-wide consensus that he was an important figure. The awkward word here is “was.” It might mean that even though his work is well thought of—and perhaps even revered—it is no longer central to the sociological questions and concerns of today. When Goffman was in his prime, he was a major part of American sociology, but perhaps his legacy is about his former status, not his enduring influence on the day-to-day working practices of the current generation of sociologists. The antonym of legacy is exactly this—what is current—and so to the extent that “Goffman” and “legacy” appear in the same sentence, it may be that Goffman is broadly admired but not necessarily still influential.
If people who are not sociologists talk about someone’s legacy, it is far more likely that what they have in mind is the contents of a will. A legacy in this more legal way of thinking refers to the cash that some lucky folks will inherit. Etymologically, the word legacy comes to us from the Latin, legatus. This refers to a “delegated person” precisely in the sense of someone specified to receive something in a will.
There is also an interesting modern use of the word “legacy” from computer science. There a legacy refers to either a software or hardware system that has been superseded but is hard to get rid of because so many end users like it and do not want to give it up. So, a statistician might, referring to the SPSS program, say it has a legacy, just meaning that she wishes that her colleagues would drop it and switch to R.
This chapter is about the consequences of thinking about Goffman’s legacy in different ways. The argument I will make is the following: Goffman was a genius at developing concepts that easily capture our imagination and then securing them with poignant examples. As a result, he is widely cited because a large and diverse group of researchers pick up concepts from Goffman’s books and papers and apply them in their own work.
Risk of mortality and complications in patients with schizophrenia and diabetes mellitus: population-based cohort study
- Joe Kwun Nam Chan, Corine Sau Man Wong, Philip Chi Fai Or, Eric Yu Hai Chen, Wing Chung Chang
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- Journal:
- The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 219 / Issue 1 / July 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 January 2021, pp. 375-382
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- July 2021
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Background
Schizophrenia patients have markedly elevated prevalence of diabetes compared with the general population. However, risk of mortality and diabetes-related complications among schizophrenia patients with co-occurring diabetes is understudied.
AimsWe investigated whether schizophrenia increased the risk of overall mortality, complications and post-complication mortality in people with diabetes.
MethodThis population-based, propensity-score matched (1:10) cohort study identified 6991 patients with incident diabetes and pre-existing schizophrenia and 68 682 patients with incident diabetes only between 2001 and 2016 in Hong Kong using a medical record database of public healthcare services. Association between schizophrenia and all-cause mortality was examined with a Cox proportional hazards model. Effect of schizophrenia on first-year complication occurrence following diabetes diagnosis and post-complication mortality rates were evaluated.
ResultsSchizophrenia was associated with increased all-cause mortality (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] 1.11, 95% CI 1.05–1.18), particularly among men and older age groups. Schizophrenia patients with diabetes had higher metabolic complication rate (aHR 1.99, 95% CI 1.63–2.42), lower microvascular complication rate (aHR 0.75, 95% CI 0.65–0.86) and comparable macrovascular complication rate (aHR 0.93, 95% CI 0.85–1.03), relative to patients with diabetes only. Among patients with diabetes complications, schizophrenia was associated with elevated all-cause mortality after macrovascular (aHR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04–1.37) and microvascular (aHR 1.33, 95% CI 1.08–1.64) complications. Gender-stratified analyses revealed that a significant effect of schizophrenia on heightened post-complication mortality was observed in men only.
ConclusionsSchizophrenia patients with co-occurring diabetes are at increased risk of excess mortality, including post-complication mortality. Further research identifying effective interventions is warranted to optimise diabetes-related outcomes in this vulnerable population.
12 - Erving Goffman and Dramaturgical Sociology
- Edited by Peter Kivisto, Augustana College, Illinois
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- The Cambridge Handbook of Social Theory
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- 03 December 2020
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- 17 December 2020, pp 226-249
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Summary
The first part of this chapter reviews Goffman’s intellectual context in terms of the dramaturgical model and its significance in Goffman’s work overall. The second part compared dramaturgy to ethnomethodology before turning to the work after Goffman, particularly the signaling theory championed by Diego Gambetta.
Philip Manning received his PhD from the University of Cambridge in 1989. He is a Professor of Sociology at Cleveland State University. His work concerns social theory and intellectual history, particularly the history and practice of symbolic interactionism. He recently completed an NSF project that designed a user-friendly way to store passwords in games and is currently exploring ways to increase federal grant success in small universities.
Evaluation of bi-directional causal association between depression and cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
- Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Ching-Lung Cheung, Albert Kar-Kin Chung, Bernard Man-Yung Cheung, Ian Chi-Kei Wong, Marcella Lei Yee Fok, Philip Chun-Ming Au, Pak-Chung Sham
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- Psychological Medicine / Volume 52 / Issue 9 / July 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 October 2020, pp. 1765-1776
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Background
Depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are associated with each other but their relationship remains unclear. We aim to determine whether genetic predisposition to depression are causally linked to CVD [including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and atrial fibrillation (AF)].
MethodsUsing summary statistics from the largest genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or GWAS meta-analysis of depression (primary analysis: n = 500 199), broad depression (help-seeking behavior for problems with nerves, anxiety, tension or depression; secondary analysis: n = 322 580), CAD (n = 184 305), MI (n = 171 875), stroke (n = 446 696) and AF (n = 1 030 836), genetic correlation was tested between two depression phenotypes and CVD [MI, stroke and AF (not CAD as its correlation was previously confirmed)]. Causality was inferred between correlated traits by Mendelian Randomization analyses.
ResultsBoth depression phenotypes were genetically correlated with MI (depression: rG = 0.169; p = 9.03 × 10−9; broad depression: rG = 0.123; p = 1 × 10−4) and AF (depression: rG = 0.112; p = 7.80 × 10−6; broad depression: rG = 0.126; p = 3.62 × 10−6). Genetically doubling the odds of depression was causally associated with increased risk of CAD (OR = 1.099; 95% CI 1.031–1.170; p = 0.004) and MI (OR = 1.146; 95% CI 1.070–1.228; p = 1.05 × 10−4). Adjustment for blood lipid levels/smoking status attenuated the causality between depression and CAD/MI. Null causal association was observed for CVD on depression. A similar pattern of results was observed in the secondary analysis for broad depression.
ConclusionsGenetic predisposition to depression may have positive causal roles on CAD/MI. Genetic susceptibility to self-awareness of mood problems may be a strong causal risk factor of CAD/MI. Blood lipid levels and smoking may potentially mediate the causal pathway. Prevention and early diagnosis of depression are important in the management of CAD/MI.
In-situ Observation of Cu Filaments Evolution in SiO2 layer
- Zhi Zhang, Fang Yuan, Chunru Liu, Feichi Zhou, Hei Man Yau, Wei Lu, X.Y. Qiu, H. -S. Philip Wong, Yang Chai, Jiyan Dai
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- Journal:
- Microscopy and Microanalysis / Volume 23 / Issue S1 / July 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 August 2017, pp. 1622-1623
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- July 2017
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9 - Digital controllers for switching power converters
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- By Man Pun Chan, Marvell Hong Kong Ltd., Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong, China, Philip K. T. Mok, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Edited by Xicheng Jiang
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- Digitally-Assisted Analog and Analog-Assisted Digital IC Design
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- 05 August 2015
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- 23 July 2015, pp 323-391
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Immune factors and fatty acid composition in human milk from river/lake, coastal and inland regions of China†
- Heidi J. Urwin, Jian Zhang, Yixiong Gao, Chunrong Wang, Lixiang Li, Pengkun Song, Qingqing Man, Liping Meng, Livar Frøyland, Elizabeth A. Miles, Philip C. Calder, Parveen Yaqoob
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 109 / Issue 11 / 14 June 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 13 November 2012, pp. 1949-1961
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- 14 June 2013
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Breast milk fatty acid composition may be affected by the maternal diet during gestation and lactation. The influence of dietary and breast milk fatty acids on breast milk immune factors is poorly defined. We determined the fatty acid composition and immune factor concentrations of breast milk from women residing in river/lake, coastal and inland regions of China, which differ in their consumption of lean fish and oily fish. Breast milk samples were collected on days 3–5 (colostrum), 14 and 28 post-partum (PP) and analysed for soluble CD14 (sCD14), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β2, secretory IgA (sIgA) and fatty acids. The fatty acid composition of breast milk differed between the regions and with time PP. The concentrations of all four immune factors in breast milk decreased over time, with sCD14, sIgA and TGF-β1 being highest in the colostrum in the river and lake region. Breast milk DHA and arachidonic acid (AA) were positively associated, and γ-linolenic acid and EPA negatively associated, with the concentrations of each of the four immune factors. In conclusion, breast milk fatty acids and immune factors differ between the regions in China characterised by different patterns of fish consumption and change during the course of lactation. A higher breast milk DHA and AA concentration is associated with higher concentrations of immune factors in breast milk, suggesting a role for these fatty acids in promoting gastrointestinal and immune maturation of the infant.
8 - The Responsibility to Prevent: On the Assumed Legal Nature of Responsibility to Protect and its Relationship with Conflict Prevention
- Edited by André Nollkaemper, Julia Hoffmann
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- Responsibility to Protect
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- Amsterdam University Press
- Published online:
- 19 January 2021
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- 28 December 2011, pp 111-124
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Summary
Introduction
In the historic final document of the 2005 World Summit (WSO Document), the international community for the first time explicitly accepted responsibility for helping to protect populations from certain categories of mass atrocities, if sovereign states themselves failed to do so. The acceptance marked not the end, but the beginning of a long process of consensus-building, which set out to determine how the notion should be interpreted and implemented. These two aspects are intrinsically related and influence each other: without a clear consensus on the exact contours of the notion (and hence the international community's responsibility regarding populations), efficient and effective operationalisation of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) through intensive cooperation with myriad national, regional and international actors remains but a vague and distant ambition with no real prospect of realisation. It is widely acknowledged that there is an urgent need to implement the RtoP concept, and that the concept needs to be implemented now if we are to prevent more conflicts from escalating into disaster. The implementation of a new notion by a wide array of partners should start with a clear and common understanding of what the notion entails, in the light of related pre-existing notions. The aim of the present contribution is therefore to critically assess the added legal value of the RtoP concept, in the light of the related notion of conflict prevention as developed over the past two decades at both the international and the European level. It will be argued that recent developments in both fields have resulted in a conceptual entanglement that significantly compounds the practical operationalisation of the RtoP concept.
To this end, the first half of this chapter will give a brief overview of the evolution of the RtoP concept in the main documents at the international level. This section will show that the RtoP notion endorsed by the 2005 WSO Document has been stripped of the key innovative legal features that were proposed four years earlier. What remains is a largely political notion that is primarily dedicated to the prevention of four narrowly circumscribed categories of international crimes.
If a newly introduced concept that is related to other pre-existing notions is deprived of its distinguishing characteristics, we should assess whether the new notion really adds anything to the discussion, particularly if the resulting conceptual confusion hampers its implementation.
17 - The Responsibility to Protect and Regional Organisations: Where Does the European Union Stand?
- Edited by André Nollkaemper, Julia Hoffmann
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- Responsibility to Protect
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- Amsterdam University Press
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- 19 January 2021
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- 28 December 2011, pp 247-270
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Summary
Introduction
In September 2005, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) unanimously endorsed the World Summit Outcome Document (WSO Document), paragraphs 138 through 140 of which recognise the individual and collective responsibility of states to protect populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity (RtoP). The document inter alia explicitly expresses the preparedness of the international community to ‘take collective action … through the Security Council, in accordance with the Charter, including Chapter VII … in cooperation with relevant regional organisations as appropriate’. The importance of involving regional organisations in all aspects of the complex task of safeguarding civilian populations from the scourge of mass atrocities is also evident from the reference in paragraph 139 of the WSO Document to the responsibility of the international community ‘to use appropriate diplomatic, humanitarian and other peaceful means [to this end], in accordance with [Chapter VIII] of the Charter’. Chapter VIII, it is recalled, covers the relationship between the UN and regional agencies or arrangements.
The 2005 declaration – reaffirmed by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) in April 2006 – was seen by many as a historic step towards the entrenchment of an emerging international norm, developed only four years earlier by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS). As things turned out, however, this was only the beginning of a fastidious, ongoing process of consensus-building in support of RtoP. The RtoP notion has endured contest and at times virulent opposition, including from some of its earlier promoters, and the meaning and implications of the concept as of yet remain unclear. UN Secretary-General (UNSG) Ban Ki-moon has nevertheless shown determination to move the debate forward in order to ‘turn promise into practice, words into deeds’. Taking steps to ‘operationalise’ RtoP within the UN system, the Secretary-General issued a report in January 2009 on the implementation of the responsibility to protect. However, the role of regional organisations received only piecemeal attention in this otherwise comprehensive report.
By and large, the importance of regional organisations and their relationship with the UN in operationalising the RtoP concept has eluded clarification.
Contributors
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- 05 August 2012
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- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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International Association oflndependent Tanker Owners (Intertanko), International Association of Dry Cargo Shipowners (Intercargo), Greek Shipping Co-operation Committee, Lloyd’s Register and International Salvage Union v. Secretary of State for Transport
- Jan Wouters, Philip De Man
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- American Journal of International Law / Volume 103 / Issue 3 / July 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 February 2017, pp. 555-561
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- July 2009
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European Court of Justice judgment on direct effect of law of the sea instruments in the European Community
International Association of lndependent Tanker Owners (Intertanko), International Association of Dry Cargo Shipowners (Intercargo), Greek Shipping Co-operation Committee, Lloyd’s Register and International Salvage Union v. Secretary of State for Transport
- Jan Wouters, Philip De Man
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- Journal:
- American Journal of International Law / Volume 103 / Issue 3 / July 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 March 2017, pp. 555-561
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- July 2009
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Single Source Precursors for the Growth of Metal-Chalcogenide Thin Films
- Allen L. Seligson, Philip J. Bonasia, John Arnold, Kin-Man Yu, Jim M. Walker, Edith D. Bourret
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- MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 282 / 1992
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- 22 February 2011, 665
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- 1992
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We have recently reported the growth of ZnTe and CdTe thin films from the novel volatile single-source precursors Zn(sitel)2 and Cd(sitel)2 [sitel = TeSi(TeSi(siMe3)3]. In an effort to understand the role played by the bulky substituents, we have prepared a number of related compounds and have investigated their potential for the growth of II-VI materials. We now describe the synthesis and characterization of M[EX(SiMe3)3]2 (M = Zn, Cd, Hg for E = Te, X = C; M = Zn for E = Se, X = C, Si) and their use as precursors molecules for the growth of ZnSe, ZnTe, CdTe and HgTe. The thin films were characterized by Rutherford Back scattering spectrometry (RBS) and X-ray diffraction. Pyrolysis reaction conditions for the alkyl and silyl chalcogenolates are also compared.